2003年四级英语考试最新模拟试题（三）

part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)　　directions:there are four reading passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions. for each question there are four suggested answers marked a,b,c and d.you should choose the one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a pencil.　　passage 1　　david thomson is an electronics technician, trained by the u.s. navy, wrist is surrounded by a force field that can broadcast emotions to other human beings. the ability to receive such force fields, thomson believes, explains how one can sense another's fear, nervousness, aggression, panic, or friendliness.　　this theory of emotional communication occurred to thomson when he told a psychiatrist（精神病医生）, dr. jack ward, that he was certain his own hypertension（高血压，过度紧张） made those near him uncomfortable. to demonstrate the theory, thomson constructed a transmitter capable of generating an electromagnetic field similar to that of a man beset by hyper anxiety（过度焦虑）. for a year, with this in his pocket, thomson made people miserable. he would find a hungry man delightedly preparing to eat a steak in a restaurant, turn on the transmitter, and watch as the man became tense and irritable and finally left with his steak uneaten. in another test, thomson cleared a crowded room in fifteen minutes. such an exodus（出去） could not be due, thomson observed, to personality problems alone.　　dr. ward, who had become thomson's partner, insisted that there was already misery enough in the world.thomson fashioned a "happiness transmitter," which can duplicate the force field of a contented man. university psychologists in the united states report some encouraging results in current tests of the thomson-and-ward transmitter.　　the "happiness machine" has many possibilities. thomson has speculated on its use near disturbed or anxious patients in hospitals, and in unruly crowds. tranquility（平静）, like panic and violence, may be contagions（传染性的）.　　1. the theory is based on belief in the existence of .　　a.complicated equipment　　b. individual force fields　　c. nervousness　　d.aggression　　2. the theory occurred to thomson because he was convinced that people near him .　　a.could hypnotize him　　b. could make him feel uncomfortable　　c. were reading his thoughts　　d were affected by his hypertension　　3. for his first demonstrations, thomson chose people who .　　a.were in a happy mood　　b. seemed hyper anxious　　c. were aggressive　　d.both b and c　　4. the thomson-and-ward transmitter was constructed because .　　a.university psychologists suggested it　　b. the "misery machine" had not worked　　c. dr. ward felt there was misery enough　　d.police forces asked for it　　5. thomson has speculated on .　　a.some helpful uses of a "happiness machine"　　b. possible wrongful uses of a "happiness machine"　　c. the disadvantages of a tranquil population　　d.the final report on the psychologists' tests　　passage 2　　just 30 years ago some 700 million people lived in cities. today the number stands at 1,800 million, and by the end of the century it will to 3,000 million—more than half the world's estimated population. by the year 2000 an estimated 650 million people will crowd into 60 cities of five million or more—three quarters of them in the developing worl d.only a single first world city—metropolitan tokyo, which will have 24 million people—is expected to be among the global top five; london, ranked second in 1950 with ten million people, will not even make 2000's top 25.in places where rates of natural population increase exceed three per cent annually—meaning much of the third world—that alone is enough to double a city's population within 20 years. but equally powerful are the streams of hopeful migrants from the countryside.　　what faces and confuses urban planners is the huge scale of these trends. there have never been cities of 30 million people, let alone ones dependent on roads, sewer and water supplies barely adequate for urban areas a tenth that size. and the flood of new arrivals in swelling third world cities far overtakes the supply of jobs—particularly as modern industries put a premium on technology rather than manpower. so it will be virtually impossible to find permanent employment for 30 to 40 per cent of the 1,000 million new city inhabitants expected by the year 2000.　　despite the terrible conditions that the city newcomers face, their numbers are growing at rates as much as twice that of the cities themselves—and every step taken to improve their living conditions in the slums only attracts more migrants.　　6. which of the following is the main topic of this passage?　　a.the increase of world population.　　b. the improvement of urban living conditions.　　c. the migrants from the countryside and their unemployment.　　d.the expansion of cities and its consequences.　　7. the author uses tokyo as an example mainly to show that .　　a.the biggest cities will still be in first world countries　　b. its development speed will be greater than that of london　　c. most of the biggest cities will be in the third world countries　　d.japanese will keep control of the growth of big cities such as tokyo　　8. which of the following is not true according to the passage?　　a.over half of the world's population will move to cities by 2000.　　b. the order of the world's biggest cities will be changed fundamentally by the year 2000.　　c. the world population will reach about 6,000 million by 2000.　　d.the poor countries will suffer more from the expansion of cities by 2000.　　9. according to the last paragraph, all of the following are true except that .　　a.development of modern technology will reduce the use of manpower　　b. urban planers will have no past experiences to borrow　　c. the growth of urban population is faster than that of cities　　d.the improvement of urban living conditions is to attract more migrants from the countryside　　10. the expression “put a premium on" in paragraph 3 can best be replaced by .　　a.are in need of　　b. devote much attention to　　c. have no lack of　　d.think little of　　passage 3　　for some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. but it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives" as thirst or hunger. in other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink, some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.　　it is now clear that this is not so. babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.　　papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. so he began to study the children's response in situation where no milk was provided.he quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on" a display of lights - and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.　　papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble" when the display came on. papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights that pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.　　11. according to the author, babies learn to do things which .　　a.are directly related to pleasure　　b. will meet their physical needs　　c. will bring them a feeling of success　　d.will satisfy their curiosity　　12. papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .　　a.would make learned response when it saw the milk　　b. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink　　c. would continue the simple movements without being given milk　　d.would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drinkf.　　13. in papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to .　　a.have the lights turned on　　b. be rewarded with milk　　c. please their parents　　d.be praised　　14. the babies would “smile and bubble" at the lights because .　　a.the lights were directly related to some basic “drives"　　b. the sight of the lights was interesting　　c. they need not turn back to watch the lights　　d.they succeeded in “switching on" the lights　　15. according to papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of .　　a.a basic human desire to understand and control the world　　b. the satisfaction of certain physiological needs　　c. their strong desire to solve complex problems　　d.a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills　　passage 4　　in recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied.but do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? there is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers' life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. as far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor.　　other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. the problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. in most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. it would seem that not only is the degree of workers' contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.　　to what extent more money led to greater productivity? the workers themselves certainly think this is important. but perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. a similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.　　16. which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?　　a.to make jobs more varied.　　b. to give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.　　c. degree of work contribution.　　d.demands for longer working hours.　　17. why workers want more money?　　a.because their jobs are too boring.　　b. in order to enjoy more spare time.　　c. to make their jobs more interesting.　　d.to demand shorter working hours.　　18. the last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting .　　a.they will want more money　　b. they will demand shorter working hours　　c. more money and shorter working hours are important factors　　d.more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them　　19. in this passage, the author tells us .　　a.how to make the workers more productive　　b. possible factors leading to greater efficiency　　c. to what extent more money lead to greater productivity　　d.how to make workers' jobs more interesting　　20. the author of this passage is probably a .　　a.teacher　　b. worker　　c. manager　　d.physicist　　part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)　　directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a., b., c. and d. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.　　21. in the active form is acceptable, but not the passive.　　a.all your four sentences　　b. your all four sentences　　c. all the four sentences　　d.the four your sentences all　　22. are you sure that the blue umbrella is the ?　　a.jones's　　b. joneses'　　c. joneses　　d.jones'　　23. the fundamental which govern all physical processes are also related to many everyday occurrences.　　a.principals　　b. principles　　c. rules　　d.regulations　　24. a foreign language is a weapon in , as marx put it.　　a.struggle of life　　b. struggle of the life　　c. the struggle of life　　d.the struggle of the life　　25. they don't object the meeting until friday.　　a.to our postponing　　b. that we postpone　　c. for postponing　　d.to postpone　　26. it is known to us all that mr. abel is .　　a.the alive happiest man　　b. the happiest alive man　　c. the most happy man alive　　d.the unhappiest man alive　　27. “that is a very good you've just put forward," said professor fu.　　a.advice　　b. description　　c. suggestion　　d.information　　28. mary would never have gone to the party that mike would be there too.　　b. if had she known　　c. had she known　　d.she would have known　　29. the american company whose chemical factory in india exploded will have to the loss of human lives.　　a.make for　　b. offer a reward for　　c. compensate　　d.repay for　　30. we were all overjoyed at the news the experiment turned out a success.　　a.which　　b. that　　c. when　　d.what　　31. can you tell me the for applying for citizenship in this country?　　a.procedures　　b. processes　　c. stages　　d.at the same time　　32. advertisers claim that almost everyone loves to get something for .　　a.nothing　　b. something　　c. luck　　d.nought　　33. the spring festival is always a happy time for .　　a.both adults and we children　　b. both adults and us children　　c. both adults and we, children as well　　d.both adults and us, children as well　　34. my experience ought to be a warning to those who are too in their own opinions.　　a.sure　　b. certain　　c. sensitive　　d.confident　　35. “what on earth is that?" “don't you know? that's a whale, ."　　a.largest world's mammal　　b. a largest mammal in the world　　c. the world's largest mammal　　d.largest mammal of the world　　36. i beg to tomorrow's meeting.　　a.be excused from attending　　b. be excused to attend　　c. be excused not to attend　　d.excuse from being attended　　37. he was to suspend his experiment because he was seriously ill.　　a.compelled　　b. repelled　　c. combined　　d.propelled　　38. the old man can't hope to his cold in a few days.　　a.get away　　b. get off　　c. get over　　d.get out　　39. clever students quickly what the teachers have taught them in class.　　a.swallow　　b. gulp　　c. absorb　　d.devour　　40. tom is in favour of going to the movies, jack insists on playing basketball.　　a.would be raised　　b. were raised　　c. would have been raised　　d.be raised　　41. the dog, we should have reached the destination and accomplish the task.　　a.but for　　b. in case of　　c. because of　　d.if not　　42. i couldn't what you have suggested, it is unreasonable.　　a.accede to　　b. believe in　　c. oppose to　　d.argue about　　43. she often behaves like a child.　　a.as old is she　　b. as old she is　　c. old as is she　　d.old as she is　　44. the reform club proposed that wages .　　a.would be raised　　b. were raised　　c. would have been raise　　44. the reform club proposed that wages .　　a.would be raised　　b. were raised　　c. would have been raised　　d.be raised　　45. a question arises how we shall refit the equipment.　　a.as for　　b. as to　　c. as regards to　　d.as　　46. they resigned take part in such a dishonest transaction.　　a.instead of　　b. than　　c. in place of　　d.rather than　　47. , the defendant was innocent of the crime for which he had been tried.　　a.without the doubt　　b. out of doubts　　c. on all accounts　　d.out of accounts　　48. those who cannot their promises should not be trusted.　　a.delay　　b. remain　　c. keep　　d.retain　　49. , girls are better at language than.　　a.big and large　　b. by and near　　c. by and great boys.　　d.by and large　　50. “is george really leaving in the university?”　　“yes, but would you mind to anyone?”　　a.not mentioning if　　b. not mention it　　c. not to mention it　　d.not to mentioning it　　答案：　　见第一段第一句中的...every person is surrounded by a force field。　　2。分析与解答：应选d项。见第二段第一句的...,that he was certain his own hypertension made th　　3。分析与解答：应选a项。从第三段看thomson选的是心情不错的人，例如he would find hungry man delightedly　　4。分析与解答：应选c项。见第三段第一句dr. ward...insisted that there was already misery enough in the world.　　5。分析与解答：应选a项。文章第四段提到happiness machine的一些有用之处。　　6。分析与解答：本题考察对文章的总体把握。a）、b）、c）都很片面，而全文都在讲城市的扩张及其后果，故答案为d）。　　7.分析与解答：因为文中提及tokyo时用“only a single first world city”，可见本题答案为c）。　　8.分析与解答：用排除法。从第一段的第二句得出c）正确。从第一段的最后一句可推断出b）正确。从第3段可推断出d）正确。a）并未提到，故答案为a）。　　9.分析与解答：a）、b）、c）在第三段中都有体现，很容易排除。而该段最后一句的意思是：“...每一步改善贫民区生活环境的措施只是会吸引更多的　　移民（的到来）而已。”可见，措施是用来改善城市居住环境，其目的并不是吸引移民。故答案为d）。　　10.分析与解答：该结构的上下文是：“...现代工业将...术上而不是劳动力上。”我们可以推断该结构的意思应“大量注意力”。故答案为b）。其它三项解释不通。　　11.分析与解答：从第二段和papousek 的实验例证可以得出本题答案为c）。　　12.分析与解答：从第3段第二、三、四句可得出答案为c）。　　13.分析与解答：从第三段的实验中尤其是最后一句中的“if the movement'switch on'the dis-play of lights”“...to bring about this result”可得出答案为a）。其它三 项很容易排除。　　14分析与解答：从第四段该结构的下一句的解释可以得出“success”的重要作用。故答案为d）。　　15.分析与解答：文中的最后一句“...that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.”中“make sense of the world”意思是“understand the world”。故答案为a）。　　16.分析与解答：用排除法。从第一段第二句得出a）正确。从第二段第一句得出b）正确。从第二段第四句得 出c）正确。而d）项所述并未在文中提到。故　　答案为d）。　　17.分析与解答：从第三段第三句中可得出答案为a）。　　18.分析与解答：“neither ...nor”表示既不...，也不...。故答案为d）。　　19.分析与解答：c）、d）比较片面，很容易排除。a）、b）比较又可得出b）更加具有概括性，因为通篇讲述的是提高劳动效率的一些途径，可排除a）。故答案为b）。　　20.分析与解答：因为文章讲述的是提高工人劳动效率的一些可能的途径，与公司管理密切相关。故答案为c）最为合适。　　21.分析与解答：本题考察词序。all不能放在人称代词后，the不能放在all后，应选a）。　　22.分析与解答：表示一家人或夫妇时用“the + family name（姓） + -s”，以-s的所有格用“’”表示。故答案为b）。　　23.分析与解答：本题考察单词意思。principal校长，principle原则，rule规则，regulation条例，结合题义答案应为b）　　24.分析与解答：本题考察固定结构“in the struggle of life在生活的的奋斗中”。故答案为 c）。　　25.分析与解答：本题考察固定搭配“object to sth./(one's)doing sth.”。故答案为a）。　　26.分析与解答：本题考察形容词用法。happy(unhappy)的最高级为happiest(unhappiest)，而 alive作定语是要后置，故答案为d）。　　27.分析与解答：本题考察可数名词与动词词组的搭配。句中有a冠词，其后一定使可数名词。排除a）d）。而与词组put forward搭配的只有suggestion了。 故答案为c）。　　28.分析与解答：本题考察虚拟语气的一种用法。表示对过去的虚拟从句用过去完成时，省略if，则倒装。故答案为c）。　　29.分析与解答：make for朝...方向走，offer a reward for为...提供报答、报酬，compensate补偿，repay for还、为...再支付。结合题义答案应为c）。　　30.分析与解答：本题考察同位语从句。因为从句是个完整的句子，是进一步解释说明其前面的名词的内容，此从句应为同位语从句，只能由that引导。故　　答案为b）。　　31.分析与解答：a. procedure指办理一件事情的程序、手续过程，往往是人为制订的，可简可繁，如申请加入某国国籍，申请加入某组织、团体等的手续；process指事物必须经历的程序、工序、工艺过程、形成过程等，往往是客观上所需要的，如煤的形成，商品的生产过程等；stage指事物进行、发展的不同阶段、时期，如革命的各个阶段，战争的各个时期等；phase指事物的阶段、状态、方面等，如伟人的盛名阶段，火箭的起飞、加速阶段、月亮的新、朔、望、满变化等。故答案为a）。　　32.分析与解答：本题考察固定词组“get something for nothing空手套白狼”。故答案为a）。　　33.分析与解答：作介词宾语时人称代词用宾格形式，而“both ... and ...两者都”和“as well也” 不能连用。故答案为b）。　　34.分析与解答：本题考察能与“be + adj. + in”搭配结构，只有“confident”合适，表示“对…有信心” ，故答案为d）。　　35.分析与解答：当形容词最高级修饰名词时，其前应有定冠词“the”。故答案为c）。　　36.分析与解答：本题考察固定词组“be excused from doing sth被原谅不做某事”。故答案为a）。　　37.分析与解答：本题考察单词意思。compel迫使，repel击退，combine综合，propel推进，结合题意答案应为a）。　　38.分析与解答：本题考察相近词组的意思。get away走开，get off下车，get over恢复（病好），get out出去。结合题义答案应为c）。　　39.分析与解答：本题考察单词意思。swallow吞，gulp猛咽，absorb吸收、理解，devour努力。结合题义答案应为c）。　　40.分析与解答：本题考察固定结构“be left + adj.”首先排除带副词结构的选项c）、d）。又因 为project与finish之间是被动关系，所以我们选由过去分词转化成的形容词形式。故答案为a）。　　41.分析与解答：but for: 倘若，要不是in case of 假…，如果发生…，万一…； because of :因为； if not: 要是不，即使不。全句意思是，“要不是狗的原因，我们本应该到达目的地并完成任务的。”，由此故选a)。　　42.分析与解答：本题考察词组意思。accede to 应允、同意，believe in 相信，oppose to 反对，argue about辨论。结合题义答案为a）。　　43.分析与解答：本题考察表示让步的固定结构“adj.+ as +主语+系动词：虽然...但是...”故答案为c）。　　44.分析与解答：在advise, arrange, ask, beg, command, decide, demand, desire(请求)，direct(命令)，intend, move(建议)，order, permit, prefer, propose, insist,suggest, recommend, require, request, urge(敦促、劝告)等表示愿望、命令、建议、请求等动词后的宾词从句中，谓语动词英国英语用should+动词原形，而美国英语用动词原形，故本句答案为d)be raised.　　45.分析与解答：本题考察词组搭配。as to表示关于，故答案为b）。　　46.分析与解答：本题考察能连接两个动词的结构。只有“rather than而不是”。故答案为d）。　　47.分析与解答：结合题义本题考察固定词组“on all accounts无论如何”，故答案为c）。　　48.分析与解答：本题考察固定词组“keep one's promise坚守诺言”，故答案应为c）。　　49.分析与解答：本题考察固定词组“by and large大体说来、大致上”，故答案为d）。　　50.分析与解答：-ing分词和-ed分词的否定形式，都是直接用not来否定，not通常放在分词前面。故答案为a）。